fdruk HkkX;”kkyh gS ckWfyoqM ds fy, nhikoyh

fdruk HkkX;”kkyh gS ckWfyoqM ds fy, nhikoyh

R;ksgkjksa vkSj fQYeksa dk xgjk ukrk jgk gS vkSj fnikoyh dk bartkj rks dbZ fQYe fuekZrk viuh fQYeksa dh jhfyt ds fy, djrs gSaA bls va/kfo”okl dgsa ;k vkLFkk ysfdu gj lky fnikoyh ds fnu dbZ fQYesa jhfyt gksrh gSa vkSj mEehn dh tkrh gS fd flusek lQy lkfcr gksxhA gkykafd fQYeksa ds izn”kZu ds fy, pqus x, bl fnu dks lQyrk dh xkjaVh ugha ekuk tk ldrk gSA fiNys 10 lkyksa esa fnikoyh ds fnu jhfyt fQYeksa ds vkadM+ksa ij utj Mkysa rks ;g ckr lkQ gks tkrh gSA dbZ fQYeksa us lQyrk ds f”k[kj dks Nqvk rks dbZ dbZ ckWDl vkWfQl ij cqjh rjg fiV xbZaA

1999 esa lwjt cM+tkR;k dh eYVhLVkjj fQYe ^ge lkFk&lkFk gSa* jhfyt gqbZA ;g ml lky fnokyh ij jhfyt gqbZ bdykSrh fQYe FkhA fQYe us O;olk; rks vPNk fd;k ysfdu n”kZdksa ds chp yksdfiz; ugha gks ldhA lky 2000 esa nks cM+s cSuj dh fQYesa ,dlkFk iznf”kZr gqbZa&vkfnR; pksiM+k dh ^eksgCcrsa* vkSj fo/kq fouksn pksiM+k dh ^fe”ku d”ehjA* vferkHk cPpu vkSj “kkg:[k vfHkfur bl eYVhLVkjj fQYe CykWdcLVj lkfcr gqbZA ogha lat; nÙk vkSj fjrhd jkS”ku dh vkradokn cuh ^fe”ku d”ehj* us vkSlr O;olk; gh fd;kA 2001 esa 3 fQYesa jhfyt gqbZaA egs”k ekatjsdj funsZf”kr ^rsjk esjk lkFk jgs*] ok”kq Hkxukuh dh ^fnokukiu* vkSj fteh “ksjfxy vkSj vfe”kk iVsy vfHkuhr ^;s ftanxh dk lQj* rhuksa ,d lkFk jhfyt gqbZ] ysfdu rhuksa fQYesa n”kZdksa dks fVdV f[kM+dh rd ykus esa vlQy jghaA

lky 2002 esa Hkh 3 fQYesa iznf”kZr dh xbZa&djhuk diwj vkSj rq’kkj diwj dh ^thuk flQZ esjs fy,*] xksfoUnk dh ^okg----rsjk D;k dguk* vkSj lat; nÙk rFkk lquhy “ksV~Vh vfHkuhr ^vuFkZ*A rhuksa fQYesa cqjh rjg ¶YkkWi jghaA 2003 dh fnokyh Hkh fgUnh flusek ds fy, HkkX;”kkyh lkfcr ugha gqbZA bl lky Hkh fnikoyh ds fnu iznf”kZr rhuksa fQYesa ^fiatj*] ^”k”k---dksbZ gS* vkSj ^jktk HkS;k* n”kZdksa dk fny thrus esa ukdke;kc jghaA 2004 esa 4 cM+h cSuj dh fQYesa jhfyt gqbZa&;”k pksiM+k dh ^ohj&tkjk*] vCckl eLrku dh ^,srjkt*] jkexksiky oekZ dh ^ukp* vkSj ds- vkflQ dh ^eqxy&,&vkte¼jaxhu½* ,dlkFk iznf”kZr dh xbZA ^ukp* dks NksM+dj lHkh fQYeksa us vPNk O;olk; fd;kA 2005 esa fiz;n”kZu dh ^xje elkyk* vkSj ^D;ksafd* ds lkFk MsfoM /kou dh ^”kknh uEcj ou* Hkh jhfyt gqbZA v{k; dqekj vkSj tkWu vczkge vfHkuhr dkWesMh fQYe ^xje elkyk* lQy jgh ysfdu “ks’k nksuksa fQYesa ckWDl vkWfQl ij fiV xbZaA

lky 2006 dks bl fnu jhfyt gqbZ fQYe Fkh Qjgku v[rj dh ^MkWu* vkSj lkftn ukfM;kokyk dh ^tkuseu* ?kkVs dk lkSnk lkfcr gqvkA o’kZ 2007 esa lat; yhyk Hkalkyh dh ^lkaofj;k* vkSj “kkg:[k dh ^vkse “kkafr vkse* ,dlkFk jhfyt gqbZA ^vkse “kkafr vkse* ghV gqbZ] ogha ^lkaofj;k* ¶ykWi jghA jksfgr “ksV~Vh dh ^xksyeky fjVZUl* vkSj e/kqj HkaMkjdj dh ^QS”ku* lky 2008 dks fnokyh ds fnu jhfyt fQYe FkhA nksuksa fQYeksa dks n”kZdksa dh vPNh izfrfØ;k feyhA ^QS”ku* fiz;adk pksiM+k dh Js’Bre fQYe ekuh tkrh gSA

2009 esa bl fnu ,dlkFk 10 fQYesa jhfyt dh xbZa ftlesa 6 cM+h ctV dh fQYe FkhA cM+s ctV dh fQYeksa esa ^,flM QSDVªh*] ^vkWy n csLV*] ^Cyw*] ^eSa vkSj felsy [kUuk*] ^vykfnu* vkSj ^yanu Mªhe* FkhA vU; 4 fQYesa Fkha&^3 ukbV~l] 4 Mst*] ^cky x.ks”k*] ^”kkck”k ;w dSu Mw bV* vkSj ^yo dk rM+dk*A buesa lcls dM+k eqdkcyk Fkk] ^vkWy n csLV*] ^Cyw* vkSj ^eSa vkSj felst [kUuk* ds chpA

bl lky Hkh fnikoyh ds ekSds ij 8 fQYeksa dks jhfyt djus dh rS;kjh py jgh gSA bu fQYeksa esa n”kZdksa dks ,D”ku] dkWesMh] jksekal] lkekftd] ,fues”ku] Fkzhyj vkSj Mªkek lc ns[kus dks feysxkA fnokyh ds fnu ;kuh 5 uoacj dks jhfyt gksus okyh ;s fQYesa gSa&v{k; vkSj ,s”o;kZ dh dkWesMh fQYe ^,D”ku fjIys*] ^vUtkuk vUtkuh*] Øqd] nks nquh pkj] vkØks”k] >wBk gh lgh] ukWd vkmV vkSj jDr&pfj=A buds vykok ^jkek;.k* vkSj ^yo&dq”k* tSlh 3Mh ,fuesVsM fQYesa Hkh jhfyt ds fy, rS;kj gSA

vDlj ;g ekuk tkrk gS fd fnikoyh ds fnu iznf”kZr fQYesa vPNk O;olk; djrh gSaA ysfdu vkadM+ksa ls lkQ gks tkrk gS fd ;g egt ds ,d Hkze gSA [kSj tks Hkh gks] ysfdu n”kZdksa dks bl R;ksgkj dk bartkj rks t:j jgrk gS] D;ksafd dbZ vPNh fQYeksa dk izn”kZu bl fnu gksrk gS

ckWyhoqM dh chekfj;ka

ckWyhoqM us 'kq:vkrh nkSj ls lekt ds vuNw, eqíksa dks fQYeksa ds ek/;e ls n'kZdksa rd igqapk;k gSA gkaykfd elkyk vkSj Fkzhyj fQYeksa dks O;olk; ds fygkt ls csgrj ekuk tkrk gS ysfdu blds ckotwn xaHkhj fo"k;ksa ij fQYesa yxkrkj cu jgh gSaA vktdy ckWyhoqM esa fcekfj;ksa dh Fkhe ij fQYesa cukus dk nkSj py jgk gSA oSls ;gka Hkh fgUnh fQYeksa ds fuekZrkvksa us gkWyhoqM ls gh izsj.kk yh gS] ysfdu fQj Hkh bls ,d lkgfld dne gh dgk tk,xkA blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha fd fcekfj;ka lekt dk fgLlk gSa vkSj fQYeksa esa mls roTtks Hkh nh tkrh jgh gSA ysfdu bufnuksa fQYeksa ds tfj, ,slh fcekfj;ksa ds ckjs esa yksxksa esa tkx:drk vkbZ gS ftlds ckjs cgqr de yksxksa dks tkudkjh FkhA esfMdy Fkhe ij vk/kkfjr fQYesa n'kZdksa dks dkQh Hkk jgh gSaA

2007 esa vk;h fQYe ^rkjs tehu ij* esa fMLysfDl;k ls ihfM+r cPps dh my>uksa us u dsoy n'kZdksa dks bl fcekjh dh rg rd igqapk;k cfYd blls fucVus dk mik; Hkh dkQh lgt rjhds ls crk fn;kA vkfej [kku ds funsZ'ku esa cuh bl fQYe esa mEnk vfHku; vkSj mRd`"V fQYekadu us ejht dh ihM+k dks n'kZdksa ds fny rd igqapk fn;k rFkk fQYe Hkh lqijghV lkfcr gqbZA ;gh ugha fQYe Hkkjr dh vksj ls vkWLdj ds fy, Hkh Hksth xbZA ^feLVj ijQsDlfuLV* ds uke ls e'kgwj vkfej dh ;g fQYe lgh ek;us esa ,d ;knxkj fQYe gSA viuh csgrjhu vnkdkjh ls vkfej us fQYe ^xtuh* esa ,d ^'kkWVZ VeZ eseksjh ykWl* ds ejht dks n'kZdksa ds chp e'kgwj dj fn;kA blls igys bl fcekjh dh tkudkjh lhfer yksxksa dks gh Fkh] gkykafd dbZ dkWystksa rFkk ;wfuoflZVh esa bu ejhtksa dks vkj{k.k dkQh le; ls fn;k tk jgk FkkA

vferkHk cPpu vfHkuhr fQYe ^ik* esa ,d ,sls cPps dh dgkuh gS tks viuh mez ls dkQh cM+k gh ugha fn[krk cfYd mls cpiu essa gh cq<+kis dk lkeuk Hkh djuk iM+rk gSA izkstsfj;k uked bl fcekjh esa ejht dh vke yksxksa dh vis{kk 4&6 xq.kk T;knk rsth ls c<+rk gSA izkstsfj;k dh tkudkjh dsoy mu yksxksa dks gh Fkh tks blls ihfM+r Fks ;k fQj mudk dksbZ viuk bldk f'kdkj cu pqdk FkkA ckdh n'kZd&oxZ ds fy, ;g fcekjh ,d pkSadkus okyh fcekjh FkhA lnh ds egkuk;d us fQYe ^CySd* esa ,d ,slh yM+dh ds f'k{kd dk fdjnkj fuHkk;k tks u cksy ldrh Fkh] us lqu ldrh Fkh vkSj u ns[k ldrh FkhA ml yM+dh dks ubZ ftanxh nsus okyk ;g f'k{kd vius mez ds vkf[kjh iM+ko esa ^vYtsej* uked fcekjh ls xzflr gks tkrk gS vkSj vius vki dks Hkh Hkwy tkrk gSA ,d ewd] c/khj vkSj va/kh yM+dh dh laosnukvksa dks le>uk vke balku ds cl dh ckr ugha gS ysfdu jkuh eq[kthZ us bl fdjnkj dks ftoar dj fn;kA fQYe ds funsZ'kd lat; yhyk Hkalkyh us cM+h gh [kqclwjrh ls lkjh laosnukvksa dks insZ ij mrkjdj n'kZdksa ds fny esa txg ns nhA

dktksy us viuh fQYeh dSfj;j dk nwljk nkSj 'kq: fd;k gkse izksMD'ku fQYe ^;w eh vkSj ge* lsA gkykafd ;g fQYe ckWDl vkWfQl ij dqN [kkl deky ugha ldh ysfdu ^vYtesj* dh ejht ds :i esa dktksy ds vfHku; dh dkQh rkjhQ gqbZA vt; nsoxu vkSj dktksy us bls ,d ,slh yo&LVksjh ds rkSj ij cukbZ ftlesa ukf;dk dh ;knk'r dHkh&dHkh pyh tkrh gSA ;gka rd fd og viuh [kqn dh igpku Hkh Hkwy tkrh gSA ,sls balku ds lkFk iwjh ftanxh fcrkuk dkQh eqf'dy gS ysfdu fQYe us fl[kk;k fd I;kj fdlh Hkh fcekjh dh lcls cM+h nok gSA

vHkh dqN gh fnuksa igys jkds'k jkS'ku us ^Østh&4* dk fuekZ.k fd;kA fQYe esa pkj ekufld :i ls fof{kIr fdjnkj ds nqfu;k dks ns[kus vkSj le>us dk utfj;k fn[kk;k x;k gSA 'kk;n vki vkSj ge bl ckjs esa dHkh lksp Hkh ugha ldrs Fks fd budh Hkh ,d nqfu;k gksxh ysfdu jkds'k jkS'ku us bls insZ mrkjdj gekjs lkspus dk nk;jk gh c<+k fn;kA gkaykfd fQYe vius fo"k; dks ysdj ugha cfYd vU; dkj.kksa ls ppkZ esa jghA jkds'k jkS'ku us fQYe ^dksbZ fey x;k* esa vius csVs fjfrd jkS'ku dks ^vkWfVTe* ds ejht dk fdjnkj cuk;kA fjfrd us Hkh bls c[kqch fuHkk;k vkSj dbZ vokMZ~l Hkh thrsA

gky gh esa fuekZrk&funsZ'kd dj.k tkSgj viuh egRodka{kh fQYe ^ekbZ use bt [kku* dk fuekZ.k fd;kA blesa uk;d 'kkg:[k [kku us ^,LitZj flUMªkse* ds ejht dh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ FkhA bl fcekjh Hkh dh tkudkjh Hkh cgqr de yksxksa dks FkhA bejku [kku vfHkuhr ^yd* esa uk;d dks MsDVªksdkfMZ;k uked fcekjh jgrh gSA blesa jksxh dk fny ck;ha vksj dh ctk; nkfguh vksj gksrk gSA esfMdy Fkhe ij cuus okyh fQYeksa dh lwph dkQh yach gSA viuk vkleku] jsM n MkdZ lkbM] ,dyO;] vijhfpr] tqeZ] vka[ks] vDl] vFkZ] nq'eu tSlh vusd fQYeksa us n'kZZdksa dks vutku fcekfj;ksa ls :&c&: djk;k gSA fQYe ^fQj feysaxs* esa ,M~l tSlh ykbykt fcekjh ds ckjs tkx:drk ykus dh dksf'k'k dh xbZ gSA yksxksa esa QSyh xyrQgeh vkSj vKkurk dks nwj djrs gq, ;g crk;k x;k fd ,M~l NwvkNwr dh fcekjh ugha gSA

bruk rks fn;k r; gS fd bu fQYeksa us u dsoy bu fcekfj;ksa ds ckjs esa gekjh tkudkjh c<+kbZ gS cfYd ;g Hkh lh[k nh gS fd fcekfj;ksa ds ckotwn ;s ejht blh lekt dk fgLlk gSa vkSj buds lkFk jguk eqf'dy ugha gSA lkFk gh viusiu vkSj I;kj dks bu fcekfj;ksa ds nok ds :i esa izpkfjr Hkh fd;k tk jgk gSA